🚑 First aid — works offline

Tap a card. These steps work without internet. They follow basic IFRC / Red Cross Red Crescent first-aid guidance and are not a substitute for a first-aid course.

📞 Call emergency services first

CPR — adult

When: Unresponsive and not breathing normally (gasping is not normal breathing).

  1. Call emergency services now (or ask someone to call) — put the phone on speaker. Ask for an AED (defibrillator) if there is one nearby.
  2. Lay them on their back on a firm surface.
  3. Put the heel of one hand in the centre of the chest, the other hand on top, arms straight.
  4. Push hard and fast: about 5–6 cm deep, 100–120 times a minute. Let the chest come back up each time.
  5. If you are trained and willing: after every 30 pushes give 2 rescue breaths. If not, keep pushing without stopping.
  6. Switch on the AED as soon as it arrives and follow its voice instructions.
  7. Don't stop until help takes over, the AED tells you to, or they start breathing normally.
CPR — child and baby

When: Unresponsive and not breathing normally.

  1. Call emergency services now (or ask someone to call) — put the phone on speaker. If you are alone with no phone, do 1 minute of CPR first, then go and call.
  2. If trained: open the airway (tilt the head back gently) and give 5 rescue breaths first.
  3. Child (1 year to puberty): press the centre of the chest with one or two hands, one third of the chest depth (about 5 cm).
  4. Baby (under 1 year): press the centre of the chest with two fingers, one third of the chest depth (about 4 cm).
  5. Push 100–120 times a minute. If trained, give 2 breaths after every 30 pushes; otherwise keep pushing.
  6. Use an AED as soon as one arrives (child pads if available).
  7. Keep going until help takes over or the child starts breathing normally.
Choking

When: Can't breathe, speak or cough; may clutch the throat.

  1. Call emergency services if they can't breathe, speak or cough, or if it doesn't clear quickly. If they can cough, tell them to keep coughing.
  2. Adult or child: lean them forward and give up to 5 firm back blows between the shoulder blades with the heel of your hand.
  3. Then give up to 5 abdominal thrusts: stand behind, fist just above the navel, pull sharply in and up.
  4. Keep alternating 5 back blows and 5 thrusts. Call emergency services if it hasn't cleared.
  5. Baby under 1: support face-down along your forearm, 5 back blows, then turn face-up and give 5 chest thrusts with two fingers. No abdominal thrusts.
  6. Pregnant or very large person: use chest thrusts instead of abdominal thrusts.
  7. If they become unresponsive: call emergency services and start CPR.
  8. Anyone who had abdominal thrusts should be checked by a doctor.
Severe bleeding

When: Blood is spurting, pouring or won't stop.

  1. Call emergency services now (or ask someone to call) — put the phone on speaker.
  2. Press firmly and directly on the wound with a clean cloth, dressing or your hand (wear gloves if you have them).
  3. Keep pressing without lifting to check. If blood soaks through, add more cloth on top and press harder.
  4. If something is stuck in the wound, don't pull it out — press around it.
  5. If a limb is bleeding heavily and pressure isn't working, and you are trained, apply a tourniquet 5–7 cm above the wound and note the time.
  6. Help them lie down, keep them warm and reassure them until help arrives.
Burns

When: Heat, fire, hot liquid, chemical or electrical burns.

  1. Call emergency services now for large or deep burns, burns to the face, hands, feet or genitals, chemical or electrical burns, and for babies and older people.
  2. Make it safe: stop the burning, switch off electricity before touching anyone.
  3. Cool the burn under cool running water for at least 20 minutes (at least 10 if that's all you can do). Don't use ice.
  4. Remove rings, watches and clothing near the burn unless they are stuck to the skin.
  5. Cover loosely with cling film or a clean, non-fluffy cloth.
  6. Don't put butter, oil, toothpaste or creams on it, and don't pop blisters. Keep the person warm.
Stroke — think FAST

When: Sudden weakness, confusion, trouble speaking or seeing.

  1. Call emergency services at once if you notice any of the signs below — every minute counts.
  2. F — Face: ask them to smile. Does one side droop?
  3. A — Arms: ask them to raise both arms. Does one drift down?
  4. S — Speech: is their speech slurred or strange?
  5. T — Time: call now, and note the time the symptoms started — doctors need it.
  6. Keep them comfortable and stay with them. Don't give food, drink or medicine.
  7. If they become unresponsive but are breathing, put them in the recovery position; if not breathing normally, start CPR.
Seizures

When: Sudden jerking or stiffening, may fall and not respond.

  1. Call emergency services now if the seizure lasts more than 5 minutes, repeats, it's their first one, they are injured, pregnant, in water, or don't wake up or breathe normally afterwards.
  2. Stay calm and note the time the seizure started.
  3. Protect them: move hard or sharp things away and cushion their head.
  4. Don't hold them down and don't put anything in their mouth.
  5. When the jerking stops, turn them on their side (recovery position) and check they are breathing.
  6. Stay with them, speak calmly and let them rest until they are fully awake.

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